آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 5 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 116 |
| تعداد مقالات | 1,347 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 1,352,375 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 1,293,421 |
Directives in Research Articles Across Disciplines: Impoliteness Strategies or Engagement Markers? | ||
| Journal of Applied Linguistics and Applied Literature: Dynamics and Advances | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 13، شماره 1، تیر 2025، صفحه 155-174 اصل مقاله (712.74 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Article | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22049/jalda.2025.30073.1734 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| Saleh Arizavi* | ||
| Assistant Professor, Department of English for Sciences, Center for Preparatory Studies, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman | ||
| چکیده | ||
| This study examines whether the use of directives in academic writing, esp. research articles (RAs) written in social and natural sciences, should be considered as an impoliteness strategy or engagement marker. Eighty RAs from four disciplines (two social sciences and two natural sciences) were analyzed, and 429 directives were identified. Two informants from each discipline assigned functions to the directives, and then rated them on a scale of impoliteness. Findings suggest except for text-external Implication/Suggestion directives in social sciences and Cognitive Warning directives in both social and natural sciences, which may carry shades of impoliteness, the other functions should be viewed as engagement markers. Thus, directives are not impolite strategies in this conservative genre. Furthermore, no significant differences in directive functions were observed between the two branches of science. RA authors often follow the prescriptive rules conventionalized in their fields; however, they also tend to use elements that are less legitimized in academic writing. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| academic writing؛ directives؛ engagement marker؛ impoliteness strategy؛ research article | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Anthony, L. (2014). TagAnt (Version 1.1.2) [Computer Software]. Tokyo: Waseda University. Available from http://www.laurenceanthony.net/
Blitvich, P. G. C., & Sifianou, M. (2019). Im/politeness and discursive pragmatics. Journal of Pragmatics, 145, 91-101.
Brown, P. and Levinson, S.C. (1987) Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511813085
Chang, Y., & Swales, J. (1999). Informal elements in English academic writing: Threats or opportunities for advanced non-native speakers? In C. N. Candlin & K. Hyland (Eds.), Writing: Texts, Processes, and Practices (pp. 145-167). Longman. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315840390-8
Culpeper, J. (2005). Impoliteness and entertainment in the television quiz show: The Weakest Link. Journal of Politeness Research: Language, Behavior, Culture 1(1), 35–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jplr.2005.1.1.35
Culpeper, J. (2010). Conventionalized impoliteness formulae. Journal of Pragmatics, 42(12), 3232-3245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2010.05.007
Culpeper, J. (2011). Impoliteness: Using Language to Cause Offence. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511975752
Halliday, M. A. K., & Matthiessen, C. M. (2013). Halliday’s Introduction to Functional Grammar. Routledge. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203431269
Hyland, K. (2002). Directives: Argument and engagement in academic writing. Applied linguistics, 23(2), 215-239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/23.2.215
Hyland, K. (2005). Stance and engagement: A model of interaction in academic discourse. Discourse studies, 7(2), 173-192. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461445605050365
Ishak, C. N., Basthomi, Y., Widiati, U., Hidayati, M., & Yannuar, N. (2021). See: How Indonesian student writers use directives in academic texts. Journal of Education and e-Learning Research, 8(1), 65-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20448/journal.509.2021.81.65.76
Jalilifar, A., & Mehrabi, K. (2014). A cross-disciplinary and cross-cultural study of directives in discussions and conclusions of research articles. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching Research, 2(1), 27-44.
Leech, G. N. (2014). The Pragmatics of Politeness. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195341386.001.0001
Liggett T. (2009). Unpacking white racial identity in English language teacher education. In Kubota R. & Lin A. (Eds.), Race, Culture, and Identities in Second Language Education: Exploring Critically Engaged Practice (pp. 27–43). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Maddamsetti, J. (2020). Where all the good teachers are Cape Verdean Americans: A White teacher’s identity positionings in an urban elementary school. The Urban Review, 52(3), 100–126.
Morillo, F., Bordons, M., & Gómez, I. (2003). Interdisciplinarity in science: A tentative typology of disciplines and research areas. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 54(13), 1237-1249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asi.10326
Picower, B. (2009). The Unexamined Whiteness of Teaching: How White Teachers Maintain and Enact Dominant Racial Ideologies. Race Ethnicity and Education, 12(2), 197-215. https://doi.org/10.1080/13613320902995475 Ronan, P. (2022). Directives and politeness in SPICE-Ireland. Corpus Pragmatics, 6(2), 175–199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41701-022-00122-x
Searle, J. R. (1976). A classification of illocutionary acts. Language in Society, 5(1), 1–23.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047404500006837
Scott, M. (2015). WordSmith Tools (Version 6) [Stroud: Lexical Analysis Software]. http://lexically.net/wor dsmith/
Spencer, D., & Wilson, D. (2002). Pragmatics, modularity and mind‐reading. Mind & Language, 17(1‐2), 3-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0017.00186
Swales, J. M., Ahmad, U. K., Chang, Y. Y., Chavez, D., Dressen, D. F., & Seymour, R. (1998). Consider this: The role of imperatives in scholarly writing. Applied linguistics, 19(1), 97-121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/applin/19.1.97
Swales, J. M. & Feak, C. B. (2012). Academic Writing for Graduate Students: Essential Tasks and Skills. University of Michigan Press ELT. https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.2173936
Thompson, P., & Tribble, C. (2001). Looking at citations: Using corpora in English for Academic Purposes. Language, Learning and Technology, 5(3), 91-105. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 172 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 40 |
||