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The Impact of Blended and Virtual Learning on Willingness to Communicate and Oral Proficiency in Iraqi EFL Learners: A Mixed Methods Study | ||
| Journal of Applied Linguistics and Applied Literature: Dynamics and Advances | ||
| مقاله 10، دوره 14، شماره 1، تیر 2026، صفحه 199-218 اصل مقاله (556.75 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Article | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22049/jalda.2026.30974.1875 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Sami Raihan1؛ Saeed Ketabi* 2؛ Zargham Ghabanchi3 | ||
| 1PhD Candidate in ELT, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor of Applied Linguistics, Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Foreign Languages, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran | ||
| 3Associate Professor of Applied Linguistics, Department of English, Faculty of Faculty of Letters and Humanities Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| This study investigated how blended learning (BL) and virtual learning (VL) impacted Iraqi EFL learners' willingness to communicate (WTC) and their oral proficiency. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, researchers involved 120 students from Karbala University, who were randomly assigned to face-to-face, virtual, and blended learning groups. Quantitative data were collected through pre- and post-tests, while qualitative insights were gathered from semi-structured interviews with EFL instructors. Findings revealed that both BL and VL significantly enhanced learners' WTC, with no notable differences between the two methods. However, BL demonstrated greater effectiveness in improving oral proficiency compared to VL. The Iraqi EFL teachers generally expressed positive views toward both teaching methods, with a preference for blended learning. The study concluded that while both approaches offered valuable benefits for EFL instruction, the blended learning emerged as a particularly effective method by combining the strengths of virtual and face-to-face teaching. These results could provide insights for developing effective EFL teaching strategies that utilize various learning modalities. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| blended learning؛ EFL؛ oral proficiency؛ virtual learning؛ willingness to communicate (WTC)؛ Iraqi EFL Learners | ||
| مراجع | ||
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